Meanwhile, Trump also cast uncertainty over progress in trade talks, saying Wednesday that Washington would seek a new "structure" for the deal and a new direction for talks with Beijing, days after the two had taken conciliatory stances.
U.S. Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross will visit China from June 2 to 4.
"China does not link trade and North Korea because that will make things more complicated," said Ruan Zongze, a former diplomat now with the China Institute of International Studies, a think tank linked to China's foreign ministry.
Some analysts had suggested, however, that China was using its leverage on North Korea, and Trump's perceived desire for a successful summit with Kim, to blunt the sharpest edges of U.S. trade threats.
Tu Xinquan, dean of the China Institute for WTO Studies at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing, said the summit's collapse added to uncertainty in U.S.-China trade relations.
"Even before this announcement, Trump's attitude on trade with China had changed a bit," he said. "I am a little pessimistic about this trade deal."
A souring of relations could see a tougher line from Washington on other issues deemed sensitive in Beijing, analysts say.
This week, the United States uninvited China from a major U.S. naval drill in response to what it sees as Beijing's militarisation of the disputed South China Sea, drawing a sharp response from China.
Disagreements have also flared over what China calls its most sensitive political issue, its claim on Taiwan, after Trump in March signed legislation encouraging U.S. officials to visit Taiwan to meet their Taiwanese counterparts.
Taiwan's diplomatic isolation has grown, however, as Burkina Faso on Thursday cut official ties with Taipei. It was the second nation to do so in a month, dropping the number of Taiwan's formal allies to 18.
On Friday, a pair of Chinese bombers flew around the island. Taiwan's air force scrambled aircraft, which accompanied and monitored the Chinese bombers, the island's defence ministry said.
