Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said Tuesday that Beijing expects any agreement ending the US-Israeli war against Iran to be submitted to the UN Security Council for endorsement, telling the body in New York that such a step would confer legitimacy and authority on the pact. Speaking at the UN headquarters in remarks translated from Mandarin, Wang said the parties concerned must stay committed to pursuing a ceasefire and continue meeting each other halfway so peace can return to the Middle East as early as possible.

"We believe that once an agreement is reached, it will be submitted to the UN Security Council for endorsement for it to have legitimacy and authority," Wang said. He added that the Security Council must step forward to shoulder its responsibilities in maintaining international peace and security.

China assumes Security Council presidency

China is chairing the UN Security Council for the month of May, placing Wang at the center of diplomatic efforts to resolve the conflict that has entered its third month. His remarks came as officials in Washington and beyond have expressed optimism regarding progress toward finalizing the pact, though specific terms remain under negotiation. Wang emphasized that council endorsement would provide the necessary legal framework for any settlement to endure beyond temporary ceasefires.

The Chinese foreign minister's statements align with Beijing's long-standing advocacy for multilateral solutions to regional conflicts. China has consistently called for restraint from all parties and warned against actions that could further destabilize the Middle East.

War enters third month amid ceasefire

Regional tensions have escalated since the US and Israel launched strikes against Iran in late February, prompting Tehran to retaliate against Israel and US allies in the Gulf while closing the Strait of Hormuz — a vital chokepoint for global energy shipments. A ceasefire took effect on April 8 through Pakistani mediation and was later extended indefinitely by US President Donald Trump, who has sought to broker a permanent settlement.

Trump said Saturday that an agreement with Iran to end the war had been "largely negotiated" and was awaiting finalization. The conflict has killed thousands and disrupted global energy markets, with the blockade of the strategic waterway affecting supply chains worldwide.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan spoke with Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Tuesday to discuss strengthening bilateral cooperation and establishing regional peace, according to a statement from the Turkish Communications Directorate. The leaders exchanged views on global developments and assessed the current state of Türkiye-Pakistan relations during the call.

Bilateral cooperation

Erdoğan told Sharif that Ankara and Islamabad would continue taking steps to advance ties in all areas, vowing to deepen the strategic partnership between the two nations. The Turkish leader emphasized the importance of sustained dialogue in achieving shared economic and security objectives.

Regional peace efforts

The president noted that Türkiye and Pakistan are working with brotherly countries to end conflicts in the region and establish lasting stability, according to the statement. He highlighted the value of ongoing mediation efforts and expressed hope that negotiations would yield positive results for the wider Muslim world.

Holiday greetings

Erdoğan also extended congratulations to Sharif and the people of Pakistan on the upcoming Muslim holiday of Eid al-Adha, which marks the end of the annual Hajj pilgrimage. The greeting underscored the close cultural and religious bonds between the two Muslim-majority nations.

Strategic cooperation

The visit, which includes participation in Eurasian Economic Union events, comes despite diplomatic protocol limiting state visits to one per presidential term — a restriction Moscow and Astana agreed to waive to highlight their partnership, Ushakov stated. Trade turnover between the neighbors reached a record $29 billion in 2025, with Russia accounting for approximately 19% of Kazakhstan's foreign commerce, he added.

Energy and infrastructure

Energy cooperation will dominate the agenda during the Putin-Tokayev discussions, with particular focus on expanding Russian oil transit routes through Kazakhstan and advancing infrastructure development. The leaders are expected to finalize an agreement for constructing Kazakhstan's first nuclear power plant using Russian designs and financing, alongside 15 other bilateral documents including a joint declaration outlining seven principles of friendship, according to the Kremlin official.

Eurasian Economic Forum

More than 30 Russian officials and executives will join a 400-strong delegation attending the visit and related EAEU activities, Ushakov noted. On Thursday, Putin is scheduled to deliver a keynote address at the 5th Eurasian Economic Forum focusing on digital transformation and artificial intelligence, while Friday's Supreme Eurasian Economic Council meeting will address economic security risks, including Armenia's potential pivot toward the European Union. During the visit, the leaders will also witness the symbolic launch of a Sirius educational center construction project in Astana and the release of four Amur tigers into the Ile-Balkhash nature reserve.

Seoul increases military surveillance

Following the launch, South Korea said it had intensified surveillance operations and strengthened coordination with both the United States and Japan. Military authorities in Seoul stated that defense systems remain on high alert amid concerns that additional missile activity could follow in the coming days.

The latest missile test adds to a series of weapons launches carried out by Pyongyang in recent months. In April, North Korea conducted multiple short-range missile exercises, while leader Kim Jong-un personally supervised cruise missile drills earlier in the month.

Diplomatic uncertainty grows

The missile launch also came amid reports that Chinese President Xi Jinping could visit North Korea in the near future, a development closely watched by regional governments and international observers. Beijing remains one of Pyongyang’s key political and economic partners despite growing international pressure over North Korea’s weapons programs.

South Korea renews call for dialogue

Shortly after the launches, South Korea’s Foreign Ministry urged Pyongyang to return to diplomatic engagement aimed at reducing military tensions in the region. Foreign Ministry spokesperson Park Il said Seoul remained committed to policies focused on peace and stability across the Korean Peninsula.

The Korean Peninsula has remained one of the world’s most heavily militarized regions for decades, with missile tests and military exercises frequently fueling tensions between North Korea, South Korea and their allies, including the United States.

Quad convenes in New Delhi

India’s External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar hosted US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Australian Foreign Minister Penny Wong and Japanese Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi for the talks, which Jaishankar described as “substantive and productive.” Speaking at a joint news conference, he said the Indo-Pacific would become “more important” to the world in coming years and that the responsibilities of the four-nation partnership would grow commensurately.

“Economic resilience should be promoted, that supply chain should be strengthened, trusted and secure technologies diffused and production capacities enhanced,” Jaishankar said. He added that the ministers spent considerable time discussing safe and unimpeded maritime commerce and reaffirmed the significance of scrupulously observing international law.

Opposition to tolling

Wong told reporters that the Quad recognizes its obligation to provide “real choices” as strategic circumstances in the region deteriorate amid “acute economic stress.” “We recognize the importance of maintaining the principle of freedom of navigation and our opposition to any tolling proposition,” she said, noting that economic volatility is increasing due to the closure of the Strait of Hormuz.

The Australian foreign minister added that the ministers recognize efforts by Rubio toward a diplomatic resolution to ensure freedom of navigation is restored and crucial energy supply flows resume.

Diplomatic efforts

Japanese Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi said the group discussed the impact of tensions involving Iran on Indo-Pacific energy security and confirmed the importance of diplomatic efforts to ensure free and safe navigation through the strategic waterway. The ministers also voiced support for initiatives aimed at strengthening critical mineral supply chains and energy cooperation to boost regional resilience across the Indo-Pacific and the Middle East, Motegi noted.

The Quad partnership among the US, Australia, India and Japan was formed in 2007 and has increasingly focused on maritime security challenges in the Indo-Pacific region.

Chinese President Xi Jinping and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif pledged to make "positive contributions" for peace and stability in the Middle East during the Pakistani leader's four-day visit to Beijing, as both powers seek to secure a lasting diplomatic resolution to the ongoing war between the United States and Iran.

Beijing praised Islamabad's efforts to promote multilateralism, peaceful dispute resolution and regional cooperation during its July 2025 presidency of the UN Security Council, according to a joint statement issued Tuesday. The Pakistani side expressed support for President Xi's four propositions on safeguarding and promoting peace in the Middle East, while China appreciated Pakistan's facilitation of the temporary ceasefire between Washington and Tehran that took effect on April 8, as well as its hosting of subsequent peace talks in the Pakistani capital.

Both sides also reiterated their commitment to early implementation of a five-point initiative for restoring peace and stability in the Gulf region, expressing readiness to jointly contribute to ending the conflict that has disrupted maritime traffic through the strategic Strait of Hormuz. Pakistan additionally said it firmly supports all efforts by China to achieve national reunification and resolutely opposes any form of "Taiwan independence," the statement said.

Afghanistan Coordination and Regional Security

The war between the US and Iran began on February 28 when Washington and Tel Aviv launched coordinated attacks against Iranian nuclear and military facilities, prompting Tehran to retaliate with drone and missile barrages against regional targets and to shutter the Strait of Hormuz to commercial shipping — a move that has disrupted global energy markets. A ceasefire mediated by Pakistan took effect on April 8, but subsequent negotiations in Islamabad have failed to produce a permanent settlement; former US President Donald Trump extended the temporary truce indefinitely last week while maintaining a strict blockade on vessels traveling to or from Iranian ports, claiming the final agreement has been "largely negotiated" and awaits only formalization.

Beyond the Gulf crisis, Beijing and Islamabad agreed to maintain close coordination on developments in Afghanistan and strengthen cooperation on regional security issues, welcoming the successful holding of informal talks among China, Afghanistan and Pakistan in Urumqi last month. Both sides stressed that no individual, group or organization should be allowed to use any territory to undermine security or threaten the interests of regional countries, and agreed to remain in close contact on Afghanistan-related matters while continuing to facilitate dialogue between Islamabad and Kabul, according to the statement.

Jaishankar stated that the agreement aims to strengthen resilient and diversified supply chains for strategic materials essential to both economies. "It will strengthen resilient and diversified supply chains," he said, describing the accord as one "more sign" of close cooperation in a world facing numerous challenges and opportunities.

Strategic supply chain concerns

Rubio emphasized that both nations cannot afford to leave foundational materials vulnerable to single-source monopolies that could deny access during conflicts or serve as leverage against sovereign interests. "We are two countries that have strategic interests in ensuring reliable long-term access to critical minerals and supply chains that are important for our innovation economy," he said, underscoring the geopolitical imperative of reducing dependence on dominant suppliers.

Diplomatic visit

The signing occurred during Rubio's four-day maiden visit to India, which began last week and included participation in the Quad ministerial gathering. The framework represents a concrete outcome of Washington's renewed focus on Indo-Pacific partnerships amid growing competition for control over critical mineral resources essential for defense and technology sectors.

Beijing calls for immediate de-escalation

Speaking at a regular press briefing in Beijing, Mao said China urges relevant parties to honor their ceasefire commitments and resolve disputes through dialogue rather than military escalation. "China urges relevant parties to honor their ceasefire commitments, adhere to resolving disputes through peaceful means, continue dialogue and negotiations," she told reporters, according to state-run Global Times. She added that Beijing seeks a solution accommodating all sides' concerns to restore peace in the Gulf and broader Middle East.

US strikes target Iranian military assets

The US military said Monday it carried out "self-defense" strikes in southern Iran targeting missile launchers and boats allegedly preparing to lay mines — operations Washington described as defensive measures. Mao noted that Beijing has maintained close communication with relevant parties, including Tehran, since the outbreak of fighting. She called on Washington and Iran to resolve their differences through peaceful means and return to stability in the Middle East.

China's diplomatic efforts

Mao said China will continue following the spirit of President Xi Jinping's full proposition to play a positive role in restoring peace and tranquility in the Middle East. She reiterated Beijing's long-standing position favoring a political settlement to the nuclear dispute, stressing the importance of safeguarding the global non-proliferation regime. China has maintained close communication with Iran since fighting began and will continue working toward an early restoration of regional stability, she added.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov informed US Secretary of State Marco Rubio during a telephone conversation that Russian forces have begun systematic strikes against military sites in Kyiv, according to Russian state news agency Tass. The strikes target military installations and corresponding decision-making centers used by Ukrainian forces in the capital, the Foreign Ministry said, citing direct instructions from President Vladimir Putin. Lavrov emphasized that the actions came in response to continued attacks by the Kyiv regime against civilian populations and infrastructure within Russia.

Evacuation warning issued

Lavrov urged the United States to ensure the immediate evacuation of its diplomatic personnel and citizens from Kyiv as security conditions deteriorate, the statement added. He referenced high-level discussions held in Anchorage in August 2025, noting that agreements reached during those talks regarding the Ukrainian conflict were being undermined by European elites and the Kyiv government. The top diplomat expressed regret that these efforts had derailed a potential settlement based on a balance of interests.

Diplomatic missions and regional issues

Beyond the Ukraine crisis, Lavrov and Rubio exchanged views on diplomatic initiatives concerning the crisis in the Strait of Hormuz and the situation surrounding Cuba, the ministry reported. The two officials reaffirmed their commitment to improving the functioning of Russian and US diplomatic missions in each other's countries despite ongoing disagreements. The US State Department has not yet issued a public statement regarding the telephone exchange.

Beijing talks

Munir made the remarks during a meeting in Beijing held alongside Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s official visit to China, China Daily reported, citing the Foreign Ministry in Beijing. The army chief briefed Wang on the latest developments in Islamabad’s role in negotiations aimed at easing tensions between Iran and the US, according to the report.

The meeting occurred following Munir’s trip to Tehran last week, where he held talks with Iranian leadership. The visit comes as Pakistan seeks to cement its position as a key intermediary between Washington and Tehran amid ongoing regional tensions.

China's endorsement

According to the Chinese report, Munir told Wang that Pakistan was willing to continue making every effort to facilitate an agreement and expressed hope that China would play a larger role in the process. Wang described Pakistan as a trustworthy mediator and said Beijing appreciated and supported Islamabad’s diplomatic efforts.

Regional diplomacy

Chinese President Xi Jinping also met Prime Minister Sharif in Beijing on Monday, praising Pakistan’s role in promoting regional peace and reaffirming the countries’ unbreakable partnership. Pakistan hosted direct talks between US and Iranian officials earlier this year, though negotiations later stalled over key demands.

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Mao Ning said the confrontation between the US and Iran “should never have happened” and stressed that continued tensions would benefit no side. Addressing reporters in the Chinese capital, Mao underlined Beijing’s support for negotiations and urged both governments to remain committed to de-escalation through diplomacy and consultation.

Diplomatic contacts intensify

The comments came as indirect talks between Tehran and Washington continued following months of military tensions and retaliatory strikes. According to US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, negotiations could produce developments “as early as today,” signaling possible movement toward a broader agreement designed to formally end hostilities.

US President Donald Trump also held discussions with regional leaders over the weekend regarding mediation efforts tied to the Iran conflict. Trump stated that a framework agreement had been “largely negotiated,” although final approval and implementation were still pending.

Regional tensions remain fragile

Despite the temporary ceasefire that took effect in April, the region remains on alert after months of attacks involving Iran, Israel and US-linked targets in the Gulf. Pakistan previously helped mediate a ceasefire agreement on April 8, creating space for renewed diplomatic outreach between the two sides.

The conflict, which began on Feb. 28 following coordinated US and Israeli strikes on Iranian targets, triggered retaliatory action from Tehran, including attacks aimed at Israel and American allies in the Gulf region. Iran also moved to disrupt shipping activity near the Strait of Hormuz, a strategic route critical to global oil supplies and international trade.

Sharif arrived in China for a four-day official visit and was formally welcomed by Chinese Premier Li Qiang at the Great Hall of the People. The visit coincides with the 75th anniversary of diplomatic ties between Beijing and Islamabad, a relationship both sides describe as a strategic partnership with expanding economic and security cooperation.

Focus on US-Iran tensions

During his discussions with Li, the Pakistani premier said diplomatic efforts aimed at preventing a wider confrontation between Washington and Tehran were progressing positively. Islamabad has recently increased regional contacts as concerns grow over the impact of the US-Iran conflict on trade routes, energy markets and regional stability.

China-Pakistan partnership

Chinese state media reported that Xi and Sharif exchanged views on bilateral cooperation as well as international developments. Beijing has maintained close political and economic relations with Pakistan through major infrastructure and investment projects linked to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, a key part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative.

Regional implications

The Beijing meetings come at a sensitive moment for the region, with governments across Asia closely monitoring developments between the United States and Iran. Pakistan, which shares a border with Iran, has repeatedly called for dialogue and diplomatic engagement to avoid a broader regional crisis that could affect neighboring countries.

Purpose of the meeting

The meeting will be convened “in order to have an interim review of the implementation of the party and state policies for 2026 and discuss the work in the second half of the year and a series of important issues,” KCNA said. North Korea regularly holds such plenary sessions at the end of June and December, but also calls them when urgent matters arise.

Evacuations and emergency response

At least 1,805 people have been evacuated from the affected regions. The Ministry of Emergency Management announced that a working team has been dispatched to assess conditions on the ground and ensure that basic needs of flood‑affected citizens are met. Heavy seasonal rains have triggered flooding and landslides across central China in recent weeks, with experts linking the increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events to climate change.

‘We will not remain silent’

“We will not remain silent, we will not stop. While the legal team gathers all documentation on violations of international law, they (flotilla participants) were kidnapped more than once, they were tortured,” Amirudin said. The flotilla, carrying over 400 international activists seeking to break Israel’s naval blockade on Gaza, was attacked and detained by Israeli forces in international waters last week. The mission was organised in part from Türkiye, where the boats departed from Marmaris.

Diplomatic pressure and future action

Amirudin said Malaysia will continue diplomatic pressure and demand the “full liberation” of Gaza. Plans include hosting international conferences related to Palestine in Malaysia to strengthen advocacy, with a future “Sumud 3.0” mission already envisaged.

The Turkish Foreign Ministry on Sunday condemned the terrorist bombing of a passenger train in Pakistan’s Balochistan province, expressing sorrow over the 28 deaths and reaffirming solidarity with Islamabad in the fight against terrorism.

Blast targets railway in volatile province

The explosion struck the railway line as the train traveled toward the cantonment area, killing 28 passengers and wounding 90 others, according to police. Authorities confirmed the blast targeted the busy route in the mineral-rich region, which has long faced separatist violence.

Ankara extends condolences to victims

In a written statement, the ministry said it was deeply saddened by the attack. "We strongly condemn this heinous attack and extend condolences to the families and people of Pakistan," the statement said, stressing that such violence targeting regional peace remains unacceptable under any circumstances.

Strategic corridor plagued by militancy

Balochistan serves as a major route for the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and has endured decades of insurgency from separatist groups. The region’s mineral wealth and strategic location have made it a persistent flashpoint for militant activity despite ongoing security operations.

US President Donald Trump pledged unwavering support to India during a live phone call to a reception at the US Embassy in New Delhi on Sunday, declaring that New Delhi can count on Washington "100 percent" as the two nations marked the 250th anniversary of the US Declaration of Independence.

Speaking to guests gathered for the anniversary celebration, Trump said India "can count on me 100% and our country," adding that New Delhi would receive anything it needed from his administration. "If they ever need help, they know where to call," he said, noting that the US economy was setting records under his leadership. Trump also praised Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, calling himself a "big, big fan" of the premier and reaffirming the strategic alignment between the two capitals.

Trade and investment focus

US Ambassador to India Sergio Gor highlighted a results-driven approach to bilateral ties, asserting that the partnership under Trump and Modi had become more transparent, agile and focused on delivering concrete outcomes. He pointed to expanding economic cooperation, including progress on an interim trade deal expected to be signed soon and India's participation in Pax Silica — a US-led initiative to build secure supply chains for artificial intelligence technologies.

Gor noted that US embassies worldwide were competing to attract investment, with the mission in India ranking first globally by bringing in $20.5 billion in new investments. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio also addressed the gathering, emphasizing America's role as a "beacon of hope" for the world and reflecting on his family's immigrant roots from Cuba.

Counterterrorism cooperation

Indian External Affairs Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar underscored the security dimension of the relationship, stating that both nations share a "strong interest in combating terrorism in all its forms" and maintain "zero tolerance for terrorists." His remarks came as the two countries deepen defense and intelligence coordination alongside their economic partnership.

Launch and crew details

The spacecraft blasted off at 11:08 p.m. Beijing time from the facility in northwestern China, state media reported. The crew comprises commander Zhu Yangzhu alongside astronauts Zhang Zhiyuan and Li Jiaying, with Chinese authorities noting that one member hails from Hong Kong — marking the first time an astronaut from the semi-autonomous region has joined a Chinese crewed mission.

Year-long experiment

A key objective involves a year-long orbital stay experiment focusing on one crew member to examine the physical and psychological effects of extended space travel. Officials stated that the findings will inform improvements in astronaut healthcare, life-support systems and operational planning for future deep-space exploration missions.

Chinese space authorities described the initiative as a critical milestone in understanding human adaptation to long-duration stays beyond Earth. The mission will also conduct scientific experiments and technology testing aboard the Tiangong space station, including China’s first space-based human body research initiative.

Space station rotation

The Shenzhou-23 crew is set to replace the current Tiangong occupants, who have spent more than 200 days in orbit and are approaching a national record for continuous crewed spaceflight. China has accelerated its space program in recent years, positioning Tiangong as a central platform for advanced research and future lunar exploration efforts.

Attack Aftermath

The victims included civilians alongside military personnel, while multiple houses near the railway line and several vehicles sustained extensive damage in the powerful blast, police sources told Anadolu. Babar Yousafzai, special assistant for the provincial home department, said security forces and rescue teams had reached the scene as police worked to determine the full nature of the attack.

Casualties and Responsibility

The banned Balochistan Liberation Army claimed responsibility in a statement to local media, saying a suicide bomber had specifically targeted military personnel traveling on the train. The group has long sought independence for the resource-rich province and has carried out numerous attacks against security forces and infrastructure projects in recent years.

Restive Region

Balochistan, a mineral-rich region and a major route for the multibillion-dollar China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, has long faced militant violence linked to separatist groups seeking independence from Islamabad. The province has witnessed numerous attacks targeting security forces and infrastructure projects in recent years, though Sunday’s bombing represents one of the deadliest recent incidents targeting military transport in the restive southwestern region.

Strategic partnership

In opening remarks, Jaishankar said the two nations share a "comprehensive global strategic partnership" that extends beyond bilateral boundaries to impact regions worldwide. "That is because we have converging interests on many issues and in many parts of the world," he said, noting the discussions were taking place in "complicated times." The comments come as Washington and New Delhi seek to navigate persistent friction over trade policy.

Trade tensions and regional issues

Bilateral ties have faced strain over US President Donald Trump's tariff increases on Indian exports and his recent assertions regarding American mediation in last year's tensions with Pakistan. Rubio told reporters that Washington and New Delhi are "strategic allies (which) is not simply committed to a region," adding that both nations see opportunities for cooperation extending globally to the western hemisphere. Officials said the visit aims to advance collaboration in defense, energy and trade sectors.

Visit agenda

Rubio arrived in India early Saturday for a four-day itinerary that includes meetings with Prime Minister Narendra Modi and visits to Agra and Jaipur before participating in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue on Tuesday. Following bilateral talks, Rubio announced that India has "committed to purchasing $500 billion in US goods over the next five years focusing on energy, technology, and agriculture," according to statements released after the meetings.

Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif early Sunday welcomed President Donald Trump's "extraordinary efforts" to pursue peace with Iran following a call with leaders from Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Türkiye, Egypt, the UAE, Jordan and Pakistan. Sharif said the discussion provided a useful opportunity to exchange views on advancing the peace process.

Islamabad offers to host talks

The premier noted that Islamabad would continue its efforts "with utmost sincerity" and expressed hope that Pakistan could host the next round of negotiations very soon, according to his office. The call comes amid ongoing diplomacy to de-escalate tensions between Washington and Tehran.

Gulf crisis context

Regional leaders have intensified initiatives to prevent escalation in the Gulf. Islamabad maintains close ties with both Washington and Tehran, positioning Pakistan as a mediator in the crisis disrupting energy shipments through the Strait of Hormuz since late February.

Raza Amiri Moghadam, Iran's ambassador to Pakistan, said Saturday that a "positive stride" is emerging toward ending the war with the United States, contingent on Washington's commitment to the process. In a post on the social media platform X, he expressed "conservative optimism" regarding the trajectory of negotiations, attributing the progress to Iran's principled stance, the resilience of its armed forces, and the resistance of the Iranian people.

Moghadam also acknowledged the "dedicated endeavours" of Pakistani mediators in facilitating the dialogue between Tehran and Washington. His remarks came after Pakistan's Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi telephoned the envoy to congratulate him on the outcomes of recent negotiations involving Iranian officials, expressing hope that Islamabad's mediation would yield lasting regional peace.

Pakistani Mediation

The diplomatic activity follows a visit to Tehran by Pakistan's Army Chief Field Marshall Asim Munir, who arrived Friday evening for his second trip to the Iranian capital in recent weeks. Munir held separate meetings with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, Parliament Speaker and chief negotiator Bagher Qalibaf, and Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi to discuss a draft "temporary" agreement aimed at ending the conflict.

The interim accord is expected to be signed by Washington and Tehran by Sunday, according to Pakistani government sources familiar with the negotiations. The war began on February 28 when the US and Israel launched military action against Iran, prompting retaliation and regional escalation that has drawn in mediators including Pakistan to secure a ceasefire.

Pakistan's military confirmed on Saturday that "encouraging progress" has been achieved toward a final understanding between the United States and Iran to end their war, following a day-long visit to Tehran by Army Chief Field Marshall Asim Munir.

Munir, who arrived in the Iranian capital on Friday evening for his second visit in recent weeks, held separate meetings with President Masoud Pezeshkian, Parliament Speaker Bagher Qalibaf, and Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi as part of Islamabad's ongoing mediation efforts. "The intensive negotiations over the last 24 hours have resulted in encouraging progress towards a final understanding," the Pakistan army said in a statement, noting that discussions focused upon expediting the consultative process to support peace and stability. The engagements were held in a positive and constructive environment, the statement added, contributing meaningfully toward the mediation process as US Secretary of State Marco Rubio separately confirmed on Friday that talks had produced "some progress."

War origins

The United States and Israel launched military strikes against Iran on February 28, prompting Tehran to retaliate with attacks targeting Israel as well as Washington's allies in the Gulf — alongside the de facto closure of the strategic Strait of Hormuz. The fighting continued until April 8, when Pakistan secured a ceasefire between the warring parties, though subsequent talks hosted in Islamabad failed to produce a lasting agreement. US President Donald Trump later extended the truce indefinitely as mediators continued working toward a comprehensive settlement.

Truce status

Since the April ceasefire took effect, Washington and Tehran have continued exchanging proposals and counter-proposals in an effort to resume direct talks and end the conflict. The latest diplomatic push follows the failure of earlier Islamabad-hosted negotiations to yield a permanent framework, despite Pakistan's successful intervention to halt open hostilities on April 8. Trump subsequently extended the truce indefinitely to allow for further negotiations aimed at reaching a comprehensive settlement.

Agenda and Quad participation

Rubio’s itinerary includes visits to Agra and Jaipur. Before departing, he said: “There’s a lot to work on with India, they’re a great ally and partner. We do a lot of good work with them so this is an important trip.” Gor added that “trade, technology, defense, QUAD, and many other items” are on the agenda. Rubio will participate in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) next week, which includes India, the US, Japan, and Australia. A State Department statement said the secretary would discuss “energy security, trade, and defense cooperation” with Indian officials.

Trade context

In February, India and the US reached a framework for an interim trade agreement to lower tariffs on Indian goods from 50% to 18%, with half of the reduction tied to India’s purchase of Russian oil—a point of contention given US sanctions on Russia.

Rescue operations continue underground

Chinese authorities said 247 workers were inside the mine when the explosion took place Friday evening. Emergency crews, medical teams and rescue personnel remain at the site as operations continue to locate missing miners and stabilize underground conditions.

Officials have not yet confirmed the exact number of people still trapped, while investigators continue assessing the scale of the disaster. Mining accidents remain a major concern in parts of China despite years of government efforts to improve industrial safety regulations.

Xi orders nationwide safety review

Chinese President Xi Jinping called for full-scale rescue efforts and instructed authorities to provide immediate medical treatment to injured workers. He also demanded a comprehensive investigation into the cause of the explosion and emphasized that those responsible should be held accountable under Chinese law.

Xi urged regional governments and industrial regulators across the country to strengthen workplace inspections and eliminate hidden safety risks in mining and heavy industry sectors.

Government launches investigation

Chinese Premier Li Qiang ordered enhanced coordination among emergency response agencies and called for broader safety inspections in key industries. Vice Premier Zhang Guoqing was dispatched to Shanxi province to oversee rescue operations and recovery efforts directly.

Shanxi province is one of China’s largest coal-producing regions and has experienced multiple mining accidents over the past decade. The latest explosion is expected to renew debate over industrial safety standards, labor protections and energy sector oversight in the world’s second-largest economy.

Regional diplomacy takes center stage

Sharif is expected to meet Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Qiang during the four-day visit, with discussions focusing on strategic coordination, regional security and economic partnership. The visit also coincides with the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan.

Chinese officials have publicly backed Pakistan’s mediation role regarding the Iran conflict. Beijing said it is willing to cooperate with Islamabad and the broader international community to support peace efforts and restore stability in the Middle East.

The diplomatic activity follows recent visits to China by US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin, highlighting Beijing’s growing role in international negotiations linked to security crises and global power competition.

Economic cooperation and CPEC agenda

Economic issues are expected to dominate much of the agenda. Pakistani and Chinese officials plan to review developments related to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a flagship Belt and Road Initiative project connecting China’s Xinjiang region with Pakistan’s Gwadar Port through highways, rail systems and energy infrastructure.

The talks are also expected to include trade expansion, industrial cooperation, technology investments, agriculture and telecommunications. Bilateral trade between the two countries reached more than $23 billion in 2024, underlining the importance of the partnership for both economies.

Sharif will begin his trip in Hangzhou, where he is scheduled to attend a Pakistan-China investment conference focused on information technology, energy storage systems and agricultural modernization.

Sharif praises China’s global role

Ahead of the visit, Sharif described China as an indispensable force in the global economy, saying the world “cannot move forward without China.” He also praised Beijing’s rapid industrial and technological growth, calling its development achievements unmatched.

Pakistan’s Foreign Ministry stated that the visit aims to strengthen political trust and expand practical cooperation between the two neighboring countries. Officials also emphasized the importance of long-term strategic coordination at a time of shifting alliances and rising tensions across Asia and the Middle East.

Beijing reacts to Taiwan arms reports

The latest response from Beijing followed remarks by acting US Navy Secretary James Kilby, who reportedly said the Pentagon had temporarily delayed a proposed $14 billion arms package for Taiwan because of the ongoing conflict involving Iran and shifting military priorities in the Middle East.

The issue gained additional attention after US President Donald Trump announced plans to speak with Taiwanese leader William Lai Ching-te, a move expected to increase diplomatic tensions between Washington and Beijing over Taiwan, which China considers part of its territory.

Taiwanese officials, however, stated they had not received any formal notification regarding changes to the proposed arms deal.

China opposes missile deployments in Asia

Speaking at a press briefing in Beijing, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun also criticized reports that the United States may deploy the Typhon mid-range missile system in Japan during upcoming joint military exercises.

Guo described the missile system as a “strategically offensive weapon” and argued that such deployments threaten the security interests of countries across the Asia-Pacific region. According to Beijing, the move could increase the risk of military confrontation and fuel a regional arms race involving major powers such as China, the United States and Japan.

Regional tensions remain high

Chinese officials said military deployments of this kind would damage regional peace and undermine stability in East Asia. Guo urged both Washington and Tokyo to reconsider what he called “erroneous moves” and listen to concerns raised by countries in the region.

The dispute comes amid broader geopolitical competition between China and the United States involving Taiwan, trade, military alliances and maritime security. Analysts say tensions in the Asia-Pacific are increasingly influencing global strategic calculations, including economic and security interests connected to Europe, the Middle East.

Protectionism warnings

APEC Policy Support Unit Director Carlos Kuriyama warned that protectionist responses risk deepening regional fragmentation rather than resolving underlying structural economic problems. He noted that tit-for-tat measures would undermine decades of trade integration across the Asia-Pacific. Hong Kong-based news outlet Bastille Post reported that preliminary consultations focused heavily on safeguarding the multilateral trading system and countering the "intensifying wave of trade protectionism."

Hong Kong defends WTO system

Hong Kong Commerce Secretary Algernon Yau defended the World Trade Organization-centered multilateral trading system during the proceedings and warned against imposing tariffs on electronic transmissions. A forum statement said member economies are working to strengthen digital trade systems, improve supply chain connectivity and reduce barriers to cross-border commerce throughout the two-day event.

APEC comprises 21 member economies including the United States, China, Japan, Russia and Australia. The regional forum promotes trade liberalization and economic cooperation across the Asia-Pacific, with members accounting for nearly half of global commerce.

Seoul watches regional diplomacy closely

South Korea’s Unification Minister Chung Dong-young said major geopolitical changes are unfolding in Northeast Asia following recent high-level meetings involving China, Russia and the United States. Speaking in Seoul, Chung stated that if Xi’s visit to Pyongyang takes place, talks regarding a future Kim-Trump summit would “surely be discussed.”

His comments followed reports from Yonhap News Agency suggesting Xi could travel to North Korea as early as next week. The report cited signs of preparation in Pyongyang, including recent visits by Chinese security and protocol officials.

China remains cautious on visit reports

Beijing has not officially confirmed the trip. However, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun described China and North Korea as close neighbors with a long tradition of friendly exchanges.

Guo said ongoing cooperation between Beijing and Pyongyang contributes to regional peace and stability but avoided providing details about Xi’s possible schedule. China and North Korea are marking the 65th anniversary of their bilateral cooperation treaty this year, adding symbolic importance to any potential visit.

Trump and Putin meetings shape regional landscape

The discussion surrounding Xi’s reported trip comes shortly after US President Donald Trump completed a three-day visit to China. Russian President Vladimir Putin also visited Beijing this week for talks with Xi, highlighting increasing diplomatic activity among major powers.

South Korean officials said these developments are reshaping the strategic environment around the Korean Peninsula. Chung described the situation as “gigantic tectonic plates in motion” and urged policymakers to consider new options for stability, peace and economic cooperation in Northeast Asia.

Analysts believe renewed dialogue between North Korea, China and the United States could influence broader regional security issues, including nuclear negotiations, military tensions and trade routes affecting Asia-Pacific economies and countries.

Trump's Beijing visit

US President Donald Trump completed a three-day visit to Beijing last week, during which he held several meetings with Chinese President Xi Jinping on trade, bilateral relations and Taiwan. Hegseth accompanied Trump as part of the presidential delegation — marking the first time a sitting US president and defense secretary have jointly visited China since the normalization of bilateral ties.

Taiwan arms dispute

China has indicated it cannot approve Hegseth's visit until Trump decides how to proceed with the stalled $14 billion weapons package for Taiwan, the Financial Times reported Thursday. Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun said Beijing's opposition to US arms sales to Taiwan remains "consistent and clear," responding to the report during a regular press briefing in Beijing.

Trump announced Wednesday that he planned to speak with Taiwanese leader William Lai Ching-te regarding the stalled arms package. Guo stated Beijing's opposition to official exchanges and arms sales remains "consistent, clear and firm," urging Washington to "act on the important common understandings reached at the China-US summit" and handle the Taiwan question with prudence. Lai noted Thursday that he would welcome speaking with Trump.

Stalled weapons package

The weapons package, which includes missiles and air defense interceptors, has remained stalled at the State Department for months. China considers Taiwan its "breakaway province," while Taipei has maintained its independence since 1949, creating a persistent flashpoint in Washington's relations with Beijing.

Beijing backs Islamabad diplomacy

China’s Foreign Ministry said Xi and Premier Li Qiang will meet Sharif to discuss bilateral relations, regional security and strategic cooperation. Chinese officials stated that Islamabad has played a “balanced and constructive” role in efforts aimed at preserving dialogue and a ceasefire connected to the US-Iran conflict.

The diplomatic engagement comes at a sensitive moment in the region following recent visits to Beijing by US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin. Pakistan has also intensified communication with Tehran, with Army Chief Gen. Asim Munir currently holding meetings in the Iranian capital.

Focus on strategic partnership

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun described China and Pakistan as “all-weather strategic cooperative partners,” emphasizing close coordination on political and economic matters affecting South Asia and the broader region.

Officials from both countries are expected to review progress on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, one of the largest infrastructure projects under Beijing’s Belt and Road Initiative. The corridor links China’s Xinjiang region to Pakistan’s Gwadar port through transport, rail and energy investments that are considered strategically important for Asian trade routes, including those connected to Middle East.

75 years of diplomatic ties

Sharif’s visit also coincides with the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan. Events commemorating the partnership are planned during the trip, including meetings in Zhejiang province.

On Thursday, Xi and Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari exchanged congratulatory messages highlighting the long-standing relationship between the two countries. Chinese officials said both sides aim to expand cooperation in trade, infrastructure, energy and regional stability.

Bilateral trade between China and Pakistan reached more than $23 billion in 2024, underlining the growing economic dimension of the partnership as Beijing strengthens its influence across Asia.

The partnership rests on “a very solid material foundation,” Lavrov noted, emphasizing that bilateral trade has exceeded $200 billion for several years. He also highlighted cooperation in civil nuclear energy, space exploration and advanced technology, saying China has provided technologies that help Russia overcome “artificial, illegal obstacles created by the West.”

Energy and Economic Ties

Energy supplies remain central to the relationship, with Russia serving as the leading supplier of pipeline natural gas to China and among the main providers of liquefied natural gas and coal. “We recently reached a final agreement on the construction of the major gas pipeline, Power of Siberia 2,” Lavrov said, adding that the Far Eastern Route is also under discussion.

He argued that “recent developments” had exposed what he described as the true nature of Western policy and said Russia and China increasingly needed to rely on their own resources and “fraternal solidarity.” The two countries are strengthening their technological partnership across multiple sectors, according to the Russian foreign minister.

Ukraine Conflict and Taiwan

Speaking about the war on Ukraine, Lavrov claimed Russian forces captured around 80 settlements recently, including 35 in March and April, stating that “the process is ongoing.” He drew parallels between Ukraine and Taiwan, arguing that both Moscow and Beijing oppose outside attempts to turn “compatriots” against their respective states.

Lavrov accused the Biden administration of attempting to “pump Taiwan full of weapons” while claiming the Trump administration was the only American leadership to acknowledge the “root causes” of the Ukraine conflict. He also accused European leaders and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy of pressuring Washington to adopt a harder stance, noting that the United States has “somewhat lost interest and enthusiasm” in the Ukraine file.

Moscow remains open to talks with Washington and continues maintaining communication channels with US representatives, Lavrov said. “It will soon be a year since the Alaska summit. There's been no progress, not even in the behavior of Volodymyr Zelenskyy and the Europeans,” he added.

Muftis among those detained

The operations took place in Moscow, Saransk, St. Petersburg, and Saratov. Among those detained is Mordovia’s Mufti Abdulmalik (Rail) Asainov, as well as Visam Ali Bardvil, the former mufti of Karelia. All of the detained individuals reportedly serve under the Religious Administration of Muslims of Russia. No official statement has yet been issued by Russian security agencies or the religious administration’s leadership regarding the legal grounds for the detentions.

Türkiye’s position

Türkiye has consistently advocated for the protection of religious freedoms and the rights of Muslim communities worldwide. Ankara is closely monitoring the situation and expects Russian authorities to respect the rule of law and the rights of detained individuals. No further details about the number of detainees or the specific allegations against them have been made public at this stage.

During his previous visit earlier this week, Naqvi met with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf, and Interior Minister Eskandar Momeni, according to IRNA. The Pakistani minister discussed bilateral relations with the Iranian leadership during those meetings.

Mediation efforts

The back-to-back visits highlight Pakistan's role as an intermediary between Tehran and Washington. Islamabad has positioned itself to broker an agreement to halt hostilities that have disrupted regional stability.

Naqvi's shuttle diplomacy comes as the war between Iran and the United States enters its third month. Pakistani officials are seeking to facilitate diplomatic channels between the warring parties.

In a joint declaration released following the summit, Moscow and Beijing emphasized the need to protect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Arctic nations. The statement described the Arctic as a region that should remain focused on peace, stability, and limited military tension despite intensifying geopolitical competition.

Concerns over Arctic militarization

The two countries argued that growing defense activity in northern latitudes risks undermining regional balance. Referring to the US and NATO presence in the Arctic, the declaration stated that both Russia and China remain committed to international law and oppose further militarization in the strategically important polar region.

Arctic Council and regional cooperation

Moscow and Beijing also underlined the importance of dialogue through international platforms, including the Arctic Council. They called for broader multilateral cooperation aimed at economic development, scientific research, and secure navigation routes as melting ice continues to increase global interest in Arctic trade corridors and natural resources.

Strategic competition intensifies

The Arctic has become a key arena of competition in recent years as Russia, the US, and NATO members expand military infrastructure and strategic planning across the region. Analysts say the area’s energy reserves, shipping lanes, and geographic position have elevated its importance in global security calculations, with countries including Türkiye closely monitoring developments affecting international trade and energy routes.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping signed 20 documents covering economy, energy and transport during bilateral talks in Beijing on Wednesday, adopting a joint statement on deepening comprehensive partnership and strategic cooperation. The two leaders also approved a declaration on forming a multipolar world and establishing a new type of international relations, cementing their commitment to reshaping global governance structures away from Western-dominated frameworks.

Shielding trade from external pressure

Speaking at a news conference following the summit, Putin emphasized that Moscow and Beijing had constructed a stable bilateral trade system insulated from external pressure and volatility in global markets. He explained that conducting trade in rubles and yuan helps shield economic cooperation from outside influence and ensures long-term sustainability in commercial ties. "The coordinated steps taken by Russia and China to shift settlements between them, between our countries as a whole, to national currencies have been of great significance," Putin said, adding that virtually all Russian-Chinese export-import operations are now carried out in these currencies.

Energy supplies and tourism growth

Putin confirmed that Russia remains prepared to continue uninterrupted deliveries of oil and gas to China, while state nuclear corporation Rosatom advances construction of new power units at Chinese nuclear plants as part of broader civilian atomic cooperation. He further noted positive outcomes from the bilateral visa-free regime, citing tourism statistics that showed more than 2 million Russians visited China and over 1 million Chinese tourists traveled to Russia during 2025. The agreements signed Wednesday build upon decades of deepening ties between the neighboring powers as they seek to counterbalance Western economic sanctions and diplomatic isolation.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping signed a comprehensive declaration on establishing a multipolar world order on Wednesday, concluding a day of high-level talks in Beijing aimed at deepening strategic coordination between the two powers. The ceremony marked the culmination of bilateral discussions focused on advancing what both sides term a "new type" of international relations.

The two leaders opened the signing ceremony by endorsing a joint statement on further enhancing comprehensive strategic coordination and deepening good-neighborliness between their countries. In an unusual procedural move designed to expedite the process, four officials signed two separate documents simultaneously before Putin and Xi affixed their signatures to the main declaration.

Document Scope

Presidential aide Yury Ushakov told reporters ahead of the visit that the declaration spans 47 pages and charts the main directions for bilateral development while presenting a unified vision of global affairs. The text identifies specific formats for cooperation in international affairs and outlines shared positions on pressing geopolitical issues, according to Kremlin briefings.

The document formalizes Moscow and Beijing's commitment to reshaping global governance structures and advancing alternatives to Western-led institutional frameworks. It emphasizes their alignment on regional security and economic integration priorities, though officials did not immediately release specific implementation timelines.

Strategic Partnership

The Beijing summit represents the latest effort by the two powers to consolidate their comprehensive strategic partnership amid shifting global dynamics. Both leaders have repeatedly emphasized their desire to construct an alternative architecture for international relations that moves beyond unipolar dominance.

Putin's visit to China came as both nations seek to expand cooperation across energy, trade, and defense sectors. The declaration signed on Wednesday serves as a policy roadmap for deepening ties through the coming decade, according to statements from Russian officials familiar with the negotiations.

Japan’s seismic preparedness

Japan is one of the most seismically active countries in the world, sitting on the Pacific Ring of Fire. The country has stringent building codes and early warning systems that have significantly reduced casualties from earthquakes. Wednesday’s moderate quake caused no immediate disruption, but authorities remain on alert for aftershocks.

Beijing highlights strategic partnership

Speaking at the Great Hall of the People, Xi described the current international environment as increasingly unstable and warned against what he called the rise of “unilateral hegemony.” Despite global uncertainty, he said most countries continue to support cooperation, economic development and diplomatic engagement.

Xi emphasized that political trust between Beijing and Moscow has continued to deepen in recent years through expanded cooperation in trade, energy, technology and international affairs. He added that China and Russia should further enhance coordination to support long-term national development goals for both countries.

Putin visit follows Trump summit

Putin arrived in China for a two-day visit only days after US President Donald Trump completed a separate trip to Beijing, where he also held talks with Xi. The timing of the meetings has drawn international attention as Washington, Moscow and Beijing navigate tensions linked to Ukraine, the Middle East and global trade competition.

The Russian president’s visit also coincides with the 25th anniversary of the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation signed between the two countries in 2001 by Putin and former Chinese President Jiang Zemin.

Treaty extension signals closer ties

Chinese and Russian officials confirmed that the bilateral friendship treaty was formally extended during Wednesday’s meetings, underlining the growing strategic alignment between the two neighboring powers.

Analysts view the renewed agreement as another sign of strengthening Russia-China relations at a time when both governments are seeking greater influence in international institutions such as BRICS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the United Nations.

The expanding partnership between Beijing and Moscow continues to shape discussions on energy markets, regional security and Eurasian trade routes that are also closely followed by countries.

Trade and energy cooperation expand

Opening negotiations at Beijing’s Great Hall of the People, Putin described Xi as a “dear friend” and emphasized that relations between the two neighboring powers now serve as a model of strategic partnership. He said trade between Russia and China has increased more than thirtyfold over the past 25 years, consistently surpassing $200 billion annually in recent years.

The Russian leader stressed that energy remains the backbone of economic cooperation between the two countries. According to Putin, Moscow continues to be a reliable supplier of oil and natural resources to China despite geopolitical tensions linked to the Ukraine war and instability in the Middle East.

Delegations focus on economic agenda

Putin arrived in Beijing with a large delegation that included senior government officials, business executives and representatives from educational institutions. He said the discussions would initially focus on trade, industry, transportation, agriculture and high technology before broader delegation-level negotiations begin.

The visit coincides with the anniversary of the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation signed by Moscow and Beijing in 2001. Putin described the agreement as a cornerstone of modern Russia-China relations and said it continues to shape cooperation across political and economic sectors.

Growing coordination on global issues

The Russian president also highlighted expanding coordination with China in international organizations including the United Nations, BRICS, the G20 and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. He argued that Moscow and Beijing support a more balanced international order based on sovereignty and cultural diversity.

“Amid the current tense international situation, our close partnership is particularly vital,” Putin said during the meeting with Xi.

He additionally praised the introduction of visa-free travel arrangements between the two countries, saying the measure strengthened cultural and humanitarian ties. Education cooperation is also expected to deepen through the launch of the Russia-China Years of Education 2026-2027 initiative.

Future summits planned

Putin confirmed that Russia supports China’s presidency of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum and said he plans to attend the 2026 APEC Summit in Shenzhen later this year. He also invited Xi to visit Russia next year as both governments continue strengthening diplomatic and economic engagement across Eurasia, including markets important for countries.

Strategic issues dominate agenda

Putin was welcomed with an official ceremony outside the Great Hall of the People before beginning closed-door discussions with the Chinese leader. Officials from both countries are expected to address a wide range of issues including bilateral trade, regional security, oil and gas cooperation, the Ukraine conflict and developments in the Middle East.

The Kremlin delegation accompanying Putin includes senior ministers, deputy prime ministers and business executives, reflecting the growing economic importance of Russia-China relations following Western sanctions imposed on Moscow after the Ukraine war.

Energy and trade ties expand

China has become one of Russia’s most important economic partners in recent years. Bilateral trade between the two countries surpassed $240 billion in 2023, according to official figures, more than doubling compared to levels before the conflict in Ukraine.

Energy cooperation remains a central pillar of the partnership. Recent estimates suggest China now purchases nearly half of Russia’s crude oil exports, strengthening Beijing’s role in Moscow’s long-term energy strategy amid shifting global markets affecting Asia, Europe.

Anniversary diplomacy in Beijing

The visit also marks the 25th anniversary of the friendship treaty signed between Russia and China in 2001. The agreement, originally concluded by then-Chinese President Jiang Zemin and Putin, laid the foundation for expanded political, military and economic coordination between the two neighboring powers.

Putin and Xi are additionally expected to attend the opening ceremony of the Russia-China Years of Education 2026-2027 initiative, aimed at increasing academic and cultural exchanges.

Following his meetings with Xi, Putin is scheduled to hold separate talks with Chinese Premier Li Qiang focused on trade and investment cooperation before returning to Russia. The latest trip represents Putin’s 25th official visit to China since taking office.

No breakthrough yet on nuclear issue

“Both sides are exchanging formulas and messages through Islamabad to break the ice. However, there is no breakthrough so far as the two sides stand firm on their stance on the nuclear issue,” the sources said. Pakistan’s current diplomatic push, coordinated with regional allies, aims to convince both parties to hold a fresh round of direct negotiations in Islamabad. Islamabad believes that direct engagement would prove “more fruitful” than relying on third-party intermediaries.

High-level regional contacts

Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar have reached out to Qatari, Saudi, and Egyptian leaders over the past 24 hours to discuss ways out of the stalemate. Additionally, Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi met with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and other officials on Sunday in a fresh bid to revive a second round of US-Iran talks to end the conflict. “Although there is no breakthrough yet in terms of a shift in positions on the nuclear issue, both sides are still seriously pursuing diplomacy to resolve the conflict,” the sources added.

Divergent paths to a ceasefire

According to a 14-point Iranian proposal, Tehran seeks separate negotiations on its nuclear program—including enriched uranium issues—within 30 days after a permanent ceasefire is reached. Washington, however, insists that the nuclear matter must be “discussed and resolved” before any permanent truce. Pakistan brokered a two-week ceasefire on April 8, followed by high-level talks in Islamabad on April 11-12, but no final agreement emerged. Since then, both sides have traded proposals while the conflict continues to disrupt global energy supplies and regional daily life.

Guterres praises Japan’s moral authority

According to Jiji Press, Guterres commended Japan’s contributions to development cooperation and nuclear non-proliferation, stating that the country’s moral authority is “extremely important” at this moment in history. The UN chief is on a four-day visit to Japan running from Sunday to Wednesday.

Call for visible multilateral action

Earlier on Monday, Guterres spoke at an event titled “Celebrating 70: Japan-UN Cooperation, Expo 2025 & the Future of Multilateralism,” where he stressed that multilateralism must be made visible in action for ordinary people. He highlighted the importance of communication, partnerships, and shaping the future through co-creation. “The future of multilateralism will be secured by courage, reform and delivery,” he said, adding that institutions must reflect today’s world rather than “the world of eighty years ago” and require financing that matches ambitions.

Reform of Security Council and financial systems

Guterres explicitly called for reforming global institutions, including the UN Security Council and the international financial architecture. “This is fundamental to enhance effectiveness and legitimacy in addressing today’s complex and multipolar world,” he said. His remarks align with growing calls from emerging powers, which has long advocated for a more representative Security Council under the slogan “the world is bigger than five.”

From trade war to systemic rivalry

Relations between the world’s two largest economies have evolved beyond a simple trade dispute into a multidimensional power struggle. Competition now spans critical raw materials, artificial intelligence, energy security, and supply chain realignments—partly accelerated by the ongoing Middle East conflict. Trump’s visit, the first by a US president to China since 2018, signaled what analysts call “controlled systemic competition,” where both sides avoid direct confrontation while engaging in intense rivalry.

Energy as a geopolitical weapon

Professor Arzu Al from Istanbul’s Marmara University told the agency that energy has replaced industrial manufacturing as the primary driver of geopolitical power. “China is the world’s largest energy importer and gains a massive cost advantage by buying discounted oil from sanctioned Iran, Russia, and Venezuela,” she said. “Washington’s goal is to slow China’s long-term economic rise.” Tensions in strategic corridors like the Strait of Hormuz, along with US sanctions on Iran and Venezuela, appear designed to disrupt Beijing’s alternative energy networks.

Global South caught in the middle

Al noted that China has maintained export capacity by shifting production to ASEAN countries, Mexico, and others—a process called trade diversion. “This makes global production networks more complex and increases shipping costs and geopolitical risks,” she said. The World Trade Organization’s rules-based system has weakened as countries now prioritize national security over free markets, adopting friend-shoring, de-risking, and tech embargoes. “Limited US-China deals may ease risk perception in the short term, but serious pressures will emerge on third-party economies in the medium to long term,” she added.

Excess capacity and bloc-based order

The professor highlighted that Europe’s biggest risk from China is excess industrial capacity flooding EU markets with cost-effective electric vehicles, solar panels, and green tech products. The “China Plus One” strategy allows countries like India, Vietnam, Indonesia, Mexico, and Brazil to attract new investments, but they are forced to choose between two competing blocs. “The Global South faces both economic opportunities and secondary sanction risks. The world is moving away from single-polar globalization toward a more fragmented, bloc-based order shaped by geopolitical risks,” Al concluded.

Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei said on Monday that diplomatic channels with Washington remain active through Pakistani intermediaries, confirming that proposals have been exchanged between the two sides despite ongoing regional tensions. "The Americans presented proposals, and we also presented our views," Baqaei told Mehr News Agency. The talks mark the latest attempt to stabilize relations following months of conflict that have roiled the Gulf.

Enrichment claims rejected

Baqaei dismissed recent speculation regarding Iranian uranium enrichment activities, stating that reports alleging weapons-grade material production lack any factual foundation. "They raised speculation about enrichment and uranium materials, and we announced that it has no basis," he said, adding that Tehran maintains its nuclear program remains entirely within peaceful parameters. The spokesman also addressed a proposed US-Bahraini resolution targeting Iran at the United Nations Security Council.

Hormuz security dispute

The Foreign Ministry spokesman rejected accusations that Tehran undermines regional maritime security, redirecting blame toward Washington and its allies. "China and Russia know that the main source of insecurity at sea and against free trade is the United States," Baqaei said, arguing that the UN Security Council "cannot accuse Iran of undermining the region's security." He added that the international community should condemn American actions rather than Iranian countermeasures.

Regional ceasefire context

Regional tensions have escalated since the US and Israel launched strikes against Iran in February, prompting Tehran to retaliate against Israeli targets and Gulf allies including the United Arab Emirates. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz subsequently disrupted global energy shipments until a ceasefire took effect on April 8 through Pakistani mediation. Talks in Islamabad have yet to produce a lasting agreement, though US President Donald Trump extended the truce indefinitely.

Shift from pressure to dialogue

According to the report, the Lee administration aims to rebuild communication channels with Pyongyang through mutual trust rather than political pressure or confrontation. The document highlighted that Seoul does not seek regime collapse, forced unification or hostile action against North Korea.

The new stance contrasts with the policy pursued by former conservative President Yoon Suk Yeol, whose government favored sanctions pressure and information campaigns targeting the North Korean leadership.

Steps to ease military tension

The white paper pointed to several recent decisions designed to lower tensions along the heavily fortified border separating the two Koreas. These measures include halting anti-Pyongyang leaflet campaigns and suspending loudspeaker broadcasts directed toward North Korea.

Seoul also signaled interest in restoring the inter-Korean military agreement signed in September 2018 by former South Korean President Moon Jae-in and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un. The agreement was previously viewed as a key mechanism for preventing accidental military escalation near the Demilitarized Zone.

Relations remain frozen

Despite the softer tone from Seoul, relations between the two neighboring states remain largely inactive. Political dialogue, tourism and economic cooperation projects have been suspended for nearly five years amid growing regional security concerns.

Earlier this month, North Korea reportedly amended its constitution to remove references to peaceful reunification with the South, while further reducing remaining cross-border ties. The move was interpreted by analysts as another sign of deepening division on the Korean Peninsula.

The latest policy shift from Seoul is expected to draw attention from regional powers including China, Japan and the United States, all of which closely monitor stability and security developments in East Asia.

Expanded authority

Qalibaf will serve as a coordinator across various national bodies for affairs related to China with an enhanced mandate, informed sources told the semi-official news agency. "Given the nature of Qalibaf's appointment, his mandate carries a different level of authority compared to previous representatives," the sources said, highlighting the broader scope of his diplomatic responsibilities.

Institutional approval

The appointment was proposed by President Masoud Pezeshkian and subsequently approved by Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei, Tasnim noted. The report did not clarify whether Qalibaf would continue serving as parliament speaker while holding the special envoy post, leaving questions regarding the practical division of his institutional responsibilities.

CSTO 'guarantors' criticized

Pashinyan specifically criticized the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and its member Belarus, noting that Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko had publicly acknowledged participating in preparations for the 44-day war while on an official visit to Baku. "One of those security guarantors made a very open statement," Pashinyan said, referring to Lukashenko's admission that he assisted in planning military operations against Armenia in 2020.

The prime minister said Armenia could not continue "stepping on the same rake every time" by depending on partners who "use us against others and then discard us." He described overcoming this cycle as a fundamental historical and political shift for Armenia, emphasizing that true security requires bilateral agreements with Baku rather than multilateral guarantees that compromise Yerevan's autonomy.

Karabakh conflict background

Relations between the former Soviet republics have remained strained since the Armenian military occupied Karabakh in 1991, a situation that persisted until Azerbaijan liberated most of the territory during the 44-day war in fall 2020. Baku established full sovereignty over the region in September 2023 after separatist forces surrendered. Last August, both nations signed a declaration at the White House alongside US President Donald Trump committing to cease hostilities and reopen transport routes.

Trade Council Establishment

A spokesperson for the ministry said the two sides will establish a Trade Council to discuss tariff reductions, investments, and bilateral trade issues. "The two sides will discuss issues including tariff reductions on relevant products through the Trade Council," the spokesperson said.

Aircraft Procurement Confirmed

The spokesperson added that both parties reached relevant arrangements regarding China's procurement of aircraft from the US, as well as Washington ensuring supply of aircraft engines and components to Beijing. US President Donald Trump announced during his three-day state visit — which concluded Friday — that China agreed to purchase 200 Boeing aircraft and General Electric engines.

Agricultural Trade Expansion

The ministry said both countries agreed to promote expansion of two-way trade in agricultural products through arrangements such as mutual tariff reductions on products within a certain scope. The agreements were finalized as Trump concluded his state visit to China on Friday.

Heightened seismic activity

Phivolcs detected 51 volcanic earthquakes and 30 tremors lasting between two and 45 minutes alongside hundreds of rockfall events and six pyroclastic density current signals, according to local media outlet the Inquirer. The institute noted ongoing lava effusion has produced flows extending several kilometers along the Basud, Bonga, and Mi-isi gullies, while short-lived lava fountaining was observed from the crater.

Gas emissions and aviation hazards

Sulfur dioxide emissions reached 1,482 tons on Friday, exceeding the previous day's levels, while a volcanic plume drifted southwestward from the summit. Authorities maintained strict prohibitions on entry within the 6-kilometer permanent danger zone and warned pilots against flying aircraft near the active crater due to sudden explosive risks.

Evacuation warnings

Phivolcs warned nearby communities of multiple potential hazards including lava flows, rockfalls, and pyroclastic density currents that could occur without warning. The institute also cautioned that heavy rainfall could trigger lahars — dangerous mud or debris flows — along the volcano's slopes, urging continued vigilance as seismic activity persists.

South Korea's National Election Commission announced Saturday that 513 candidates have been elected unopposed in the upcoming June 3 local elections, with ballots cancelled in 307 electoral districts where single-candidate races left voters without a choice.

Among those automatically elected are three local government heads — Kim I-gang of Seo district and Kim Byung-nae of Nam district in Gwangju, alongside Lim Byeong-taek, mayor of Siheung — all representing the ruling Democratic Party, according to the Yonhap news agency.

Opposition boycott in stronghold cities

Gwangju has long served as a Democratic Party stronghold, while the main opposition People Power Party declined to contest the Siheung mayoral race, citing an inability to recruit viable candidates. The remaining 510 uncontested victors will serve as local council members across various districts, the commission noted.

June electoral contest

A total of 7,829 candidates registered during the two-day filing period for the nationwide vote, which will determine leadership across 16 metropolitan cities and provinces, fill 14 vacant National Assembly seats, and select education superintendents.

Strategic partnership agenda

The Kremlin stated that the leaders will review bilateral ties and discuss deepening comprehensive strategic cooperation, alongside key international and regional issues. They are expected to emphasize aligned positions on multilateral security frameworks during the talks.

Economic and ceremonial program

Putin and Xi plan to sign a joint statement and several bilateral agreements following the discussions. The Russian president will also meet Premier Li Qiang on economic cooperation and join Xi in inaugurating the Russia-China Years of Education for 2026-2027.

The visit follows Xi's trip to Moscow in March 2023 and Putin's attendance at the Belt and Road Forum in Beijing later that year. The Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation was signed in 2001.

Pakistan's Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar announced on Friday that 31 seafarers — 11 Pakistani nationals and 20 Iranian citizens — have been repatriated after being detained aboard vessels seized by the United States in Asian waters last month, with the group transiting through Singapore and Bangkok under a coordinated diplomatic arrangement. Dar stated on the social media platform X that all individuals were in "good health and high spirits" after traveling from Singapore to Bangkok, where they boarded onward flights. Pakistani nationals were expected to arrive in Islamabad later Friday, while Iranian citizens would be facilitated for their return to Tehran, he added.

Regional diplomacy

The foreign minister expressed gratitude to the governments of Singapore and Thailand for facilitating transit arrangements through Bangkok at Pakistan's request. Dar also thanked Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi for placing trust in Islamabad to assist in the repatriation of Iranian nationals alongside Pakistani citizens. He noted that coordination support from US authorities — including Secretary of State Marco Rubio — proved instrumental in facilitating the return process.

Maritime interdictions

The repatriation follows last month's US military interception of at least three Iranian-flagged tankers in Asian waters as Washington imposed a maritime blockade on Tehran's trade. Earlier this month, the US also transferred to Pakistan an Iranian-linked vessel intercepted by the US Navy after allegedly attempting to breach the blockade, along with 22 crew members who were subsequently returned to Iran.

Defense and industrial cooperation needed

“Crises in Palestine, Lebanon, Iran, Ukraine, and many others indicate that we need to strengthen our defense and increase our cooperation in the industrial sector,” Erdoğan said. He noted that Türkiye aims to advance coordination in cybersecurity within the OTS during its upcoming term, stressing that cybersecurity is now as vital as security in land, air, and maritime domains. He also expressed hope that the Turkic world will continue to strengthen political, economic, and cultural relations with the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC).

Common alphabet and AI initiatives

Erdoğan called for the widespread use of a common Turkic alphabet across education, culture, academic collaboration, and digital transformation. He added that AI-based initiatives, including a Turkish language model designed to showcase the richness of the shared language in the digital sphere, should be supported. Türkiye continues to lead efforts to deepen integration among Turkic states, viewing the OTS as a key platform for regional stability, economic growth, and cultural unity.

The reported trip would place China at the center of back-to-back meetings involving the leaders of the United States and Russia, underlining Beijing’s expanding diplomatic role in global affairs. Sources cited by the South China Morning Post said Putin’s visit is expected to last one day and will likely focus on strategic coordination between Moscow and Beijing rather than ceremonial events.

Trump ended a three-day visit to China on Friday, during which he held discussions with Xi on trade relations, Taiwan, regional conflicts and broader international issues.

Kremlin signals preparations are complete

Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov confirmed this week that preparations for Putin’s China visit were nearly finalized. “This visit is being prepared,” Peskov said, adding that official details would be announced soon.

Peskov also dismissed suggestions that potential Russia-China talks were linked directly to Trump’s trip, saying Moscow maintains regular high-level communication with Beijing regardless of developments involving Washington.

Beijing and Moscow maintain close coordination

China’s Foreign Ministry said officials from both countries remain in close contact regarding arrangements for a future meeting between Xi and Putin. Additional information about the visit is expected to be released in the coming days.

If the trip moves forward, China will have hosted the leaders of all four other permanent members of the UN Security Council within a relatively short period. French President Emmanuel Macron visited Beijing in December, while British Prime Minister Keir Starmer traveled to China earlier this year.

The diplomatic activity reflects China’s efforts to position itself as a central actor in global politics at a time of rising competition among major powers and continuing tensions over trade, security and regional conflicts.

Bilateral agenda

The closed-door meeting was held at the hotel where Erdoğan was staying and was also attended by Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan. While no further details about the content of the discussions were released, such meetings typically cover bilateral trade, defence cooperation, investment opportunities, and regional issues. Türkiye and Uzbekistan have significantly deepened ties in recent years, with bilateral trade volume growing steadily and Turkish companies active in Uzbek infrastructure, energy, and construction sectors.

Strategic context

The Erdoğan-Mirziyoyev meeting follows a series of high-level visits and agreements between Ankara and Tashkent, including defence industry cooperation and cultural exchanges. Both leaders are also participating in the wider OTS summit, which focuses on artificial intelligence, digital development, and economic integration among Turkic nations. The meeting underscores Türkiye’s commitment to strengthening relations with Central Asian republics as part of its broader Eurasian foreign policy.

Türkiye’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan arrived in the historic Kazakh city of Turkistan on Friday to participate in the Informal Summit of the Organization of Turkic States, marking another high-level engagement in Central Asia for the Turkish leader. Erdogan was welcomed at Hazret Sultan International Airport by Kazakh State Counselor Erlan Qarin, Turkistan Region Governor Nuralgan Kucherov, and Kazakhstan’s Ambassador to Ankara Yerkebulan Sapiyev, among other senior officials.

First lady Emine Erdogan accompanied the president alongside the Turkish delegation, underscoring the diplomatic significance of the visit. The arrival ceremony reflected the deepening institutional ties between Ankara and Astana within the framework of Turkic multilateral cooperation.

Summit Agenda

The informal summit convenes at the invitation of Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, who has positioned Turkistan — a city of historical importance to the Turkic world — as a symbolic venue for the gathering. Leaders are expected to discuss regional cooperation, economic integration, and shared security challenges during the closed-door sessions scheduled for Friday.

The Organization of Turkic States has emerged as a key platform for Ankara’s Central Asia policy, facilitating coordination on trade corridors, cultural exchanges, and strategic partnerships across the Eurasian landmass. Friday’s meeting follows recent diplomatic activity among member capitals aimed at consolidating institutional mechanisms.

Regional Leaders Convene

Beyond Erdogan, the summit brings together Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov, and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus President Tufan Erhurman. The presence of the TRNC leader marks continued efforts by the organization to deepen engagement with the Turkish Cypriot administration despite ongoing diplomatic isolation by other international bodies.

The leaders’ gathering in Turkistan represents the latest attempt to align strategic interests among Turkic-majority states, with discussions likely to address connectivity projects linking the Caspian and Mediterranean basins. The summit concludes Friday evening with a joint statement expected to emphasize solidarity on issues ranging from transport infrastructure to humanitarian coordination.

The Chinese president said the two leaders agreed to expand practical cooperation across various fields and properly address each other's concerns. He added that achieving peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation based on mutual respect represents what the people of both countries and the international community expect.

Ceremonies and bilateral talks in Beijing

Xi held a welcome ceremony and state banquet for the US president on Thursday, following Trump's arrival in the Chinese capital on Wednesday evening. The two leaders held formal talks and visited the historic Temple of Heaven together on Thursday, state media reported.

On Friday, the presidents attended a greeting ceremony and friendship photo session before Xi hosted Trump for a bilateral tea session and working lunch. Trump departed Beijing following the luncheon, marking the first visit by a sitting US president to China in nine years — since Barack Obama's trip in 2016 — though Trump himself had last visited the capital in 2017 during his first term.

Trip delayed by Middle East conflict

The presidential visit took place amid the ongoing war in the Middle East, which began on February 28 when US and Israeli forces launched strikes against Iran. The conflict has prompted Iranian retaliation against Israel and American allies in the Gulf, along with the closure of the Strait of Hormuz.

The trip was originally scheduled for late March but was postponed due to the regional conflict, with the US president landing in Beijing on Wednesday evening local time. Xi said both sides should implement the consensus reached, preserve the hard-won positive momentum, and eliminate interference to promote stable development of bilateral ties.

China's Foreign Ministry stated Friday that the ongoing war between the United States and Iran "should not have happened in the first place" and called for immediate efforts to reach a comprehensive ceasefire. Speaking on the final day of the Beijing summit between Xi Jinping and Donald Trump, a ministry spokesperson said the door to dialogue "should not be shut again" now that diplomatic channels have opened.

The spokesperson emphasized the urgency of reopening shipping lanes "as soon as possible" to stabilize global supply chains and respond to international demands. "It is important to enable peace and stability to return to the Middle East and Gulf region at an early date, and lay the foundation for building a sustainable security architecture for the region," the spokesperson added.

Trump-Xi summit

US President Donald Trump told FOX News on Thursday that Xi Jinping expressed willingness to help broker a deal between Washington and Tehran. "He said, 'If I can be of any help at all, I would like to be of help,'" Trump stated, adding that the Chinese leader wants to see the Strait of Hormuz reopened. Trump noted that Beijing's substantial oil purchases from Tehran give China "some kind of relationship" that could prove useful in negotiations.

The conflict began on February 28 when US and Israeli forces launched strikes against Iran, prompting retaliatory attacks against Israel and American allies in the Gulf and the closure of the Strait of Hormuz. An indefinite ceasefire is currently in effect as diplomats seek a permanent settlement to the crisis, which has disrupted maritime traffic through the strategic waterway.

Camp gate and walls damaged

The attack occurred when the vehicle attempted to enter a scouts camp in the Bajaur district, which lies along the border with Afghanistan. Thirty-five other security personnel were wounded in the blast, police said. The explosion damaged the camp’s gate and surrounding walls. No group has immediately claimed responsibility for the attack.

Rise in militant violence

Pakistan’s northwestern regions have witnessed a surge in militant attacks in recent years, particularly targeting security forces and civilians. Islamabad has repeatedly accused the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) of operating from safe havens in neighboring Afghanistan, though Kabul denies the allegations. Türkiye has consistently condemned all forms of terrorism and expressed solidarity with Pakistan in its fight against extremism.